Pain in the nose is most often found in chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, purulent processes (boils, carbuncles, abscesses). The cause of pain can be injuries and burns of the nose, the ingress of foreign bodies, benign and malignant neoplasms. To find out the causes of discomfort, rhinoscopy, radiography of the nose, paranasal sinuses, bacterial culture of a smear from the nasal mucosa, and standard blood tests are performed. To relieve pain, NSAIDs, local anesthetics, and narcotic analgesics are recommended. Etiotropic therapy includes medical and surgical techniques.
Soreness is more typical for chronic rhinitis, accompanied by a change in the anatomical and functional state of the nasal cavity. Intense pain occurs with atrophic rhinitis, which is due to the drying of the mucous membrane, the formation of wounds and crusts on it. Patients feel a burning sensation, discomfort when blowing their nose, inhaling dry or hot air.
In acute rhinitis, pain is directly related to too frequent blowing and rubbing of the skin with handkerchiefs. In this case, unpleasant sensations are localized in the area of \u200b\u200bthe wings of the nose. Soreness is possible when using nasal drops, especially those containing vasoconstrictors or antibiotics. Basically, with a runny nose, the pains are of moderate intensity, if they become very strong - this is a sign of the development of complications.
For inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, constant pressing pains are typical, aggravated by tilting the head down, when trying to rinse the nasal passages with water or saline solutions. The localization of discomfort depends on the affected paranasal sinus: with frontal sinusitis, a person complains of intense pain near the bridge of the nose, with sinusitis, discomfort in the wing of the nose on one side.
With sinusitis, pain in the nose can turn into sharp and throbbing, which is specific for an acute process. Swelling and swelling of the skin in the affected area are noticeable, when probing, uncomfortable sensations increase sharply. The symptom is accompanied by the appearance of purulent yellow-green mucus with an unpleasant odor, in which streaks of blood are sometimes visible. Patients complain of severe headaches, fever, malaise.
Pain in the nose
Severe arching pains are characteristic of an abscess of the nasal septum. At first, the person experiences slight breathing difficulties and discomfort. As the abscess grows, the pain intensifies and becomes permanent. Unpleasant symptoms are aggravated by wrinkling the nose, trying to blow your nose. Often, when looking at themselves in the mirror, patients find an unusual thickening or deformation of the visible part of the nasal septum.
Excruciating "twitching" pains in the nose are felt when the boil matures. The abscess can be localized on the wings or the tip of the nose, in the initial part of the septum. Discomfort begins suddenly, when feeling in the place of greatest pain, a person finds a seal. Symptoms become more noticeable when smiling, sneezing, chewing. The furuncle gradually increases in size, the skin around it looks hyperemic.
With a boil, severe pain in the nose lasts until the breakthrough of the abscess, which takes an average of 7 days. Throughout this period, patients are constantly tormented by pain, which intensifies at the slightest touch. After the breakthrough of the abscess tire and the release of the contents, the condition improves. Most of the unpleasant symptoms disappear, only a slight soreness and burning sensation in the affected area remains.
The intensity of painful sensations is affected by the size and features of the surface of a foreign object. Small beads, peas do not cause severe discomfort. Patients experience moderate pain in one half of the nose, repeated sneezing, after which the foreign body usually comes out on its own. If a larger object gets into the nasal passage, a person is constantly worried about sharp or arching pains, sneezing and copious mucous discharge.
Intense pain syndrome with irradiation to the cheek or forehead is noted with foreign bodies with uneven or sharp edges. In addition to pain, nosebleeds of varying severity open. There is difficulty or lack of breathing in the affected half of the nose. Sometimes patients complain of severe scratching pains in the throat, which indicate the displacement of the object.
Sudden sharp pains are the main symptom of bruises or fractures of the nose. A person feels constant soreness, which intensifies when trying to blow his nose or feel the place of damage. With a hematoma of the nasal septum, breathing is often difficult, which is why the victim has to breathe through his mouth. Injury is indicated by bleeding, severe swelling and changes in facial contours.
Severe burning pains develop when the skin and mucous membranes are exposed to high temperatures, acidic or alkaline agents, and electric current. With a burn of the skin of the nose, the patient experiences an excruciating burning sensation and soreness, which decreases after rinsing the face under a stream of cold water. For damage to the nasal mucosa, unbearable pain and an irresistible desire to blow your nose are characteristic, which is accompanied by bloody discharge.
With benign tumors (papilloma, chondroma, osteoma), patients are more concerned about the sensation of a foreign body and difficulty in breathing, and pain occurs secondarily. The appearance of discomfort is typical for large neoplasms that press on the walls of the nasal cavity. The symptom is combined with a decrease in the sense of smell, congestion of one half of the nose. Occasionally, with vascular tumors, bleeding begins.
With cancer of the nose, paranasal sinuses, patients experience constant pain radiating to the forehead, temple or cheek. Discomfort is felt stronger at the time of sneezing, yawning, chewing food. When a tumor grows, a person may experience pain in the tissues of the upper lip, hard palate, and gums. Malignant tumors are characterized by mucopurulent or bloody discharge from the nose, anosmia, and an increase in regional lymph nodes.
For pain in the nose, a visit to the otolaryngologist is indicated. The doctor receives information valuable for making a diagnosis when collecting complaints, visual examination and palpation of the paranasal region, assessing the amount and nature of discharge. Diagnostic search in otolaryngology requires instrumental or laboratory research methods, the most informative of which are:
If the doctor suspects a malignant transformation of the cells, an endoscopic biopsy of the formation is performed, followed by a histological examination. With multiple injuries of the bones of the skull and nose, the patient needs to be examined by a neurologist, a neurosurgeon. If the pathological process affects the organ of vision, an ophthalmologist is involved in the diagnostic search.
For pain in the nose, a consultation with an otorhinolaryngologist is indicated
First aid for a nasal burn is to wash the affected area with cool water. With nasal bleeding, it is necessary to seat the patient, slightly tilt his head down and apply ice wrapped in cloth to the bridge of the nose. If a boil is formed, in no case should you try to open it or squeeze it out. Effective and targeted treatment of nose pain is carried out after finding out its cause, so a person needs to see a doctor.
Pharmacological drugs that relieve pain in the nose are selected based on the etiology of the disease. For the treatment of sinusitis, purulent lesions of the nose, antibiotic therapy is carried out, which is selected taking into account the type and sensitivity of the pathogen. To facilitate the patient's well-being, improve nasal breathing, nasal decongestants are used in drops (naphazoline, xylometazoline).
With traumatic injuries, severe pain is felt, for the removal of which non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotic analgesics, and local anesthetics are prescribed. Drug treatment for nasal burns includes infusion therapy aimed at detoxifying the body. Acute pain of a neurological nature requires the use of ganglionic blockers, novocaine blockades or local administration of drugs by electrophoresis.
The ingress of large foreign bodies into the nasal passages is an indication for their endoscopic extraction under local anesthesia. For small children, the procedure is usually performed under anesthesia, which simplifies the work of the doctor and prevents accidental injury to the baby's nasal passages. In rare cases, when the foreign object is too large and not amenable to endoscopic manipulation, the ENT surgeon resorts to surgical intervention.
In case of injuries of the septum and bones of the nose, reposition is performed under local anesthesia, and to eliminate old injuries (more than 1 day), rhinoplasty or septoplasty is necessary. With abscesses, an operative opening of the abscess is required with washing the cavity with antiseptic solutions. In order to avoid possible complications, the treatment of nasal boils also involves the opening and drainage of abscesses.
With large benign neoplasms that interfere with nasal breathing, their removal is indicated using an electrocoagulating loop, a radio knife, or using laser radiation. Large vascular neoplasias are excised after preliminary ligation of the artery so as not to provoke massive bleeding. In the oncological process, a radical operation is performed, supplemented by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.