Movement disorders

Lameness

Lameness develops with injuries, degenerative and inflammatory diseases of bones, joints, soft tissues, vascular diseases, neurological, dermatological pathologies. It can occur due to pain, limb deformity, paresis, circulatory disorders. Lameness can be constant, intermittent, or intermittent. The diagnosis is made on the basis of anamnesis, examination data, radiography, CT, and other studies. Before determining the cause of lameness, it is possible to use additional devices (canes, crutches), in some cases, it is acceptable to take analgesics.

Read more →

Chorea

Chorea is a type of hyperkinesis in which involuntary movements are observed, resembling normal ones, but differing from them in irregularity, disorder and randomness. It is detected in Huntington's disease, neuroacanthocytosis, Lesch-Nychen syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, and other hereditary pathologies. It briefly occurs in childhood with rheumatic diseases and lesions of the upper respiratory tract. The cause is established according to the anamnesis, neurological examination, additional studies. Antipsychotics are used to eliminate chorea. Surgical treatment is ineffective.

Read more →

Acceleration of movements

Acceleration of movements (tachykinesia) is observed in hyperactivity syndrome, bipolar disorder, delirious disorder, schizophrenia and neuroleptic syndrome. Accompanied by impatience and restlessness, which decrease against the background of physical activity. To determine the cause of the symptom, the patient is interviewed, they talk with relatives, study the anamnesis of life and disease, and according to indications, instrumental and laboratory tests are prescribed. Treatment is neuroleptics, benzodiazepines, other drugs, psychotherapy, sometimes ECT.

Read more →

Decreased range of motion (oligokinesia)

A decrease in the number of movements (oligokinesia) is a typical manifestation of various forms of parkinsonism: primary or symptomatic, parkinsonism-plus. It occurs in temporal lobe epilepsy, some encephalopathies and mental disorders. The cause is established on the basis of complaints, anamnesis data, results of a neurological examination and additional diagnostic procedures. Treatment includes dopaminomimetics, symptomatic agents. Surgical interventions are carried out according to indications.

Read more →

Increasing the number of movements

An increase in the number of movements is observed in mental and narcological diseases. It is detected in mania, anxiety spectrum disorders, delirium, dementia, alcohol dependence, cocaine addiction and opium addiction. Often combined with psycho-emotional arousal, sometimes with agitation. The cause is established on the basis of complaints, anamnesis data, and the results of special tests. If an organic etiology is suspected, instrumental and laboratory studies are carried out. Treatment - psychotherapy, antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, complex addiction therapy.

Read more →

Teak

Tic is a type of hyperkinesis. Represents involuntary stereotyped movements that resemble arbitrary. In most cases, it occurs in childhood. It is provoked by neuroses, residual organic insufficiency due to harmful effects in the prenatal period and early childhood. Seen in Tourette's syndrome. Sometimes it occurs secondary to other CNS lesions. The cause is determined on the basis of a survey, examination, data from a psychodiagnostic examination, CT, MRI, and other procedures. Treatment - psychotherapy, psychocorrection, drug therapy, physiotherapy. Operations are sometimes shown.

Read more →

Upper eyelid twitching

Twitching of the upper eyelid often occurs in healthy people, it becomes the result of stress, physical or intellectual overwork, and other negative factors. It can be observed in idiopathic blepharospasm, paresis of the facial nerve, brain tumor, ALS, some other neurological diseases, allergic conjunctivitis, neuroses in adults and children. The cause of the symptom is established according to the conversation, neurological examination, additional studies. Treatment - glucocorticoids, muscle relaxants, other drugs, non-drug methods, surgical operations.

Read more →

Limitation of range of motion

Limitation of the amplitude of movements is observed in lesions of the musculoskeletal system, including injuries, inflammatory, degenerative, infectious diseases. It occurs in nervous diseases, some other pathologies. May be temporary or permanent. Partial stable restriction of movements is called contracture, almost complete - rigidity, complete - ankylosis. To determine the diagnosis, a survey, physical examination, imaging techniques, and laboratory tests are used. Treatment depends on the cause of the limited range of motion.

Read more →

Violent facial expressions

Violent facial expressions are contractions of certain muscles of the face that are not amenable to conscious control. It is more often caused by neurological pathologies: facial hemispasm, idiopathic blepharospasm, oromandibular dystonia, Huntington's chorea, multisystem atrophy, tics, tardive dyskinesia while taking antipsychotics. It is observed in some ophthalmic diseases and mental disorders. The cause is established on the basis of complaints, anamnesis, neurological examination data and additional diagnostic procedures. Treatment - botulinum therapy, muscle relaxants, neuroleptics, sometimes surgical interventions.

Read more →

Movement disorders

Motor act disorders unite a large group of disorders of voluntary motor reactions. They include facial expression disorders (hypomimia), slowness of movements (bradykinesia), unnecessary, fussy movements (tachykinesia), poverty of movements (oligokinesia), repetition of movements (polykinesia), and a decrease in amplitude. To determine the cause, cerebral CT / MRI, EFI (EEG, REG, EMNG), ultrasound of the vessels of the head are performed. As part of the treatment of the leading disorder, pharmacological schemes, exercise therapy, FTL (massage, electrical nerve stimulation), and psychotherapy are used. Sometimes surgical treatment is indicated.

Read more →