Pain In The Anus : Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

• The Reasons

Pain in the anus is often provoked by diseases of the rectum and perianal region. It can be caused by proctitis, anal fissure, abscess, thrombosis of hemorrhoids, a foreign body, trauma, tumors, etc. Pain can be combined with itching, purulent or bloody discharge, stool disturbance, a feeling of having a foreign object. To diagnose the causes of pain in the anus, it is necessary to conduct a proctological examination, anoscopy, rectoscopy, and laboratory tests. From conservative methods of treatment, microclysters, suppositories, physiotherapy are used, from radical ones - endoscopic and open operations on the rectum and anal canal.

The anus, or anus, is the exit section of the rectum and the entire digestive tract. It serves to remove fecal matter and gases from the body. Voluntary regulation of the act of defecation is carried out due to the muscular sphincters of the anal canal. From the inside, the rectum is lined with mucous, the glands of which actively produce mucus. In the submucosal layer there are venous hemorrhoidal plexuses, through which the outflow of blood is carried out. If any of these anatomical structures are affected, pain in the anus may occur.

The reasons

The causes of pain in the anus are mainly associated with damage to the distal gastrointestinal tract. Reflected pain may also occur, caused by the pathology of the sacral spine, urinary organs. In addition, pain in the anus in men and women may have their own specific causes:

• Inflammatory diseases of the anorectal region: proctitis, cryptitis, sphincteritis, ulcerative proctitis.
• Purulent processes: perianal abscess, paraproctitis, suppurated ECX.
• Injuries of the rectum: anal fissure, bruises of the perineum, foreign bodies, coprolites.
• Pathology of hemorrhoidal veins: exacerbation of hemorrhoids, thrombosis of hemorrhoids.
• Tumors: cancer of the anus and rectum, polyps, perianal warts.
• Causes of pain in the anus in women: endometriosis of the rectum, cystitis, rectovaginal fistula, ectopic pregnancy.
• Causes of pain in the anus in men: prostatitis, cystitis, prostate adenoma.

Any diseases accompanied by pain in the anus require the consultation of a coloproctologist who can correctly interpret the cause and severity of the condition. Immediate medical consultation is necessary with the following accompanying symptoms:

• bloody discharge from the anus;
• discharge of pus from the anus;
• melena;
• constipation or diarrhea;
• high body temperature;
• abdominal pain.