Pain in the bladder is observed with various types of cystitis, paracystitis, acute urinary retention, malacoplakia, cysts, benign and malignant tumors, traumatic injuries and foreign bodies of the bladder. It can be strong, weak, dull, sharp, cutting, aching, stabbing. Often combined with pain in the lower abdomen, urination disorders, changes in urine. The cause of the symptom is determined on the basis of complaints, examination data, laboratory and hardware techniques. Treatment is carried out using antibiotics, NSAIDs, analgesics, physiotherapy. According to indications, catheterization is performed, operations are performed.
Pain in the lower abdomen in men occurs with diseases of the prostate (acute and chronic prostatitis, adenoma, cancer), diseases of the urinary organs (cystitis, KSD), sexually transmitted infections. Other common causes: IBS, intestinal infections, inflammatory and surgical pathologies of the intestine. The diagnostic plan for pain in the lower abdomen includes ultrasound, radiography with contrast, endoscopic techniques. Laboratory tests of blood, urine and feces are used. For therapeutic purposes, antibiotics, NVPS, alpha-blockers, immunocorrective and cytostatic drugs are used, and surgical interventions are performed.
Hemiparesis occurs with disorders of cerebral circulation, tumors, craniocerebral injuries, purulent and infectious processes, parasitosis, some types of epilepsy, toxic brain damage. The cause of hemiparesis is established by the results of a survey, neurological examination, echoencephalography, radiography, tomography, laboratory tests. Treatment includes pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy followed by restorative measures. Sometimes surgery is required.
Constipation in children is the absence of a stool in a child for a day or more, or a bowel movement that is normal in frequency, which is accompanied by the release of dry, lumpy feces. The symptom occurs with errors in diet and stress, congenital anomalies in the structure of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic diseases of the digestive system. To find out the cause of constipation in children, a scatological analysis, ultrasound, irrigography, sigmoidoscopy are performed. To normalize the frequency of bowel movements, dietary adjustments, physiotherapy, laxatives and enemas are necessary.
Mushy stools are softening of stools that look like separate soft pieces or a heterogeneous liquid mass. The symptom is often accompanied by abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, flatulence. Defecation disorders are observed with stress and nutritional errors, infectious and specific inflammatory bowel diseases, fermentopathy. To determine the cause, a survey ultrasound of the abdomen, colonoscopy, endoscopy, X-ray of the gastrointestinal tract, coprogram is performed. To normalize the stool, enzymes, probiotics, antibacterial agents are used.