Discharge from the nipples is the appearance of discharge from one or both mammary glands. The symptom may be accompanied by pain and discomfort in the chest, redness of the skin over the mammary gland, changes in the areola. The expiration of the secret is observed in inflammatory processes of the mammary glands, benign and malignant tumors, pathologies of the endocrine system. To find out the reasons, ultrasound, mammography, laboratory tests are performed. To alleviate the condition, analgesics can be prescribed, other drugs are used after verification of the diagnosis.
Colostrum-like discharge from the nipples is the appearance of white or yellowish discharge from the mammary glands. The symptom may be accompanied by pain and severe swelling of the breast, menstrual irregularities. The expiration of a fluid resembling colostrum from the nipples is observed with physiological hormonal changes, hypothalamic-pituitary pathologies, diseases of the genital area. To identify the causes of colostrum-like discharge, ultrasound of the mammary glands, mammography, CT of the breast and reproductive organs, gynecological examination, and hormone levels are used. To eliminate the symptom, the underlying disease is treated.
Hot flashes appear under the influence of physiological causes (hot and spicy food, alcohol, stress), but more often they are a sign of diseases of the reproductive, endocrine, nervous or cardiovascular system. Given the variety of etiological factors, diagnostics requires instrumental studies - ultrasound, X-ray, electrophysiological, laboratory tests (hemogram, blood biochemistry, hormonal profile). Treatment of hot flashes involves a combination of medication, physiotherapy and psychotherapy. The surgical approach is rarely used, mainly for neoplasms.