Basophilia (basophilic leukocytosis) is an increase in the content of basophils more than 150 in 1 μl of blood or more than 1% of the total number of leukocytes. It often accompanies eosinophilia, since basophils and eosinophils are jointly involved in many pathological reactions. The causes of basophilia are allergic, inflammatory, oncohematological diseases. There are no specific manifestations, the clinical picture is determined by the underlying pathology. Measurement of the level of basophils is carried out in the general blood test. To eliminate basophilia, it is necessary to treat the disease against which it arose.
Monocytosis is a pathological condition in which there is an increase in the content of monocytes more than 1000 in 1 µl of blood. The causes are infectious, inflammatory, and oncohematological diseases. In children, infectious mononucleosis is the most common cause. There are no specific symptoms. The clinical picture is determined by the underlying pathology. The level of monocytes is examined in capillary or venous blood when calculating the leukocyte formula. To return monocytes to reference values (from 1 to 10%), the disease that served as a background for the occurrence of monocytosis is treated.
Monocytopenia is a laboratory syndrome in which there is a decrease in the level of monocytes below 500 in 1 μl of blood. Isolated monocytopenia is extremely rare. Most often, it is combined with a decrease in the number of neutrophils (neutropenia) or with a drop in the content of all blood cells (pancytopenia). The cause of monocytopenia can be severe bacterial infections, malignant myeloproliferative diseases, oppression of hematopoiesis, etc. The level of monocytes is examined when calculating the leukocyte formula in a clinical blood test. Correction of this condition is carried out in the treatment of the underlying disease.
Neutropenia is a pathological condition characterized by a decrease in the level of neutrophils below 1500 in 1 µl of peripheral blood. The causes can be various bacterial and viral infections, autoimmune disorders, medications. The level of neutrophils is examined in a general blood test. To correct this pathology, the underlying disease is treated. In severe neutropenia, drugs are used that stimulate the formation of bone marrow leukocytes.
Reticulocytosis is an increase in the concentration of reticulocytes (immature erythrocytes) in the peripheral blood by more than 1% of the number of all erythrocytes. The main cause is various anemia (posthemorrhagic, hemolytic), as well as pathological conditions that cause general hypoxia in the body. The leading place in the clinical picture is occupied by anemic syndrome - pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, dizziness, palpitations. The level of reticulocytes is examined in the general blood test (CBC). To correct reticulocytosis, it is necessary to treat the underlying disease.
Thrombocytosis is a pathological condition characterized by an increase in the content of platelets in the blood. The cause of this phenomenon is infectious, inflammatory or autoimmune pathologies, as well as malignant tumors of the hematopoietic system. In children, it often occurs against the background of iron deficiency anemia. The clinical picture may be different and is determined by the underlying disease. The level of platelets, as part of a complete blood count, is examined in venous or capillary blood. To correct thrombocytosis, the disease against which it developed is treated.
An increase in ESR is an excess of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the blood of more than 10 mm / h in men and 15 mm / h in women. Acceleration of ESR is a non-specific laboratory marker, it can be caused by infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune and oncological diseases. Very often occurs together with leukocytosis and fever. The main clinical picture is determined by the pathology, against which there was an increase in ESR. The ESR indicator is examined manually or automatically in venous or capillary blood, usually in the morning before meals and medications. To correct the indicator, the treatment of the disease that caused the increase in ESR is carried out.