Painful urination indicates pathological processes in the bladder or urethra. Pain and pain are accompanied by inflammatory pathologies (urethritis, cystitis), STDs, urolithiasis, tumors, and injuries to the genitourinary organs, and foreign bodies. Pain may occur before micturition, during urination, or after urination. The urological examination includes urinalysis, endoscopic (ureteroscopy, cystoscopy), and X-ray diagnostics (cystography, urethrography, CT). Treatment is aimed at eliminating the cause of painful urination (antibiotic therapy, FTL - for infections, surgery - for KSD, neoplasms, injuries).
A wet cough is a cough that produces mucus or mucopurulent sputum. The symptom develops against the background of pain in the chest (thoracalgia), wheezing, signs of general intoxication of the body. This type of cough is observed in bronchitis and other bronchopulmonary pathologies, respiratory infections, heart failure. To determine the root cause of the disorder, x-rays, spirography, bronchoscopy, and laboratory tests are performed. In order to reduce discomfort, inhalations, the use of mucolytics, expectorants, and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
Low body temperature (hypothermia) is a temperature drop below 35 degrees. The condition occurs with physical and nervous exhaustion of the body, endocrine pathology, intoxication and other urgent situations. To establish the causes of hypothermia, physical diagnosis is carried out, extended blood tests, electrocardiography and radiological methods are prescribed. To normalize the low temperature, methods of physical warming, vitamin and general strengthening agents are used.
Chills are a sensation of cold accompanied by intense muscle trembling and goosebumps. The disorder can be caused by hypothermia, stressful situations, fever. Chilling occurs with inflammation, diseases of the endocrine system, violation of autonomic regulation. To determine the cause of persistent chills, laboratory tests, sonography, x-ray methods, and a neurological examination are performed. To stop unpleasant symptoms, it is necessary to eliminate the provoking factor or prescribe complex therapy for the underlying pathology.
Foamy stools are liquid stools with a large number of air bubbles and a sharp, fetid odor. The symptom is sometimes accompanied by pain and pain in the abdomen, flatulence. As a variant of the norm, such a chair is more often observed in infants. In older children and adults, the disorder occurs with nutritional errors, may be due to diseases of the digestive system. To determine the root cause of the appearance of foamy feces, a coprogram, ultrasound of the abdominal organs, endoscopy and radiography are performed. To normalize the stool, enterosorbents, probiotics, and antidiarrheal drugs are used.
Cock gait (steppage) is observed in pathologies accompanied by a violation of the dorsiflexion of the foot: polyneuropathies, poliomyelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, compression or mechanical damage to the peroneal nerve. The cause of the violation is established according to the survey, physical examination, neurological examination, ultrasound of the nerve, neurophysiological studies, and other methods. Treatment of cock's gait includes NSAIDs, cholinesterase inhibitors, immunomodulators, immunosuppressants, hormonal drugs.
Sweating of the face and head (cranial hyperhidrosis) is excessive sweating in the affected area. Sweating is often accompanied by local reddening of the skin and a feeling of heat, other symptoms depend on the cause of sweating. Hyperhidrosis can be caused by stress and nightmares, pathologies of the brain and peripheral nerves, hypertension. To determine the cause of increased sweating, a neurological examination with EEG and electroneurography, radiography, functional tests, and laboratory tests are performed. The relief of unpleasant symptoms is the treatment of the underlying disease.
Nausea on an empty stomach is painful sensations in the epigastric region, oral cavity and pharynx that occur on an empty stomach with subthreshold excitation of the vomiting center. Nausea can be observed both with pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, and as a result of toxicosis of pregnant women, endogenous intoxication syndrome, and neurological disorders. To detect the causes of nausea, ultrasound, endoscopy, pH-metry, laboratory blood and stool tests are prescribed, women are recommended a gynecological examination. In order to relieve discomfort, herbal teas, prokinetics, sedatives, antacids are used.
Noise in the ears (tinnitus) is a symptom in which a person hears extraneous sounds (crackling, ringing, hum) in the absence of their obvious source. There are several etiological factors of this condition: exposure to loud sounds, diseases and tumors of the hearing organ, hypertension and other vascular disorders. To determine the cause of tinnitus, audiometry with tuning fork tests, X-ray examination of the skull, angiography, otoscopy, and laboratory tests are performed. To stop the symptom, methods of psychotherapy, sedative phytopreparations are used.