Clonic convulsions are irregular short-term spasms, which are characterized by a rapid change in periods of contraction and relaxation of skeletal muscles. Occur against the background of epilepsy, cerebral damage of an infectious, neurodegenerative, toxic or other nature. The cause of convulsive paroxysms is confirmed by laboratory tests, genetic tests, neuroimaging methods, EEG. The basis of therapeutic correction is the use of anticonvulsants, resistant variants require a solution to the issue of neurosurgical care.
Tonic-clonic convulsions are mixed paroxysms in which prolonged tonic spasms are replaced by rapid clonic contractions of the skeletal muscles. The causes of generalized seizures are quite extensive: epilepsy, organic pathology of the central nervous system, neuroinfections and other conditions. To verify the diagnosis, a comprehensive examination is required, including laboratory tests, tomography, and neurophysiological techniques. For the relief and therapy of convulsive syndrome, medications are used, in some cases, surgical treatment is indicated.