Hyperproteinemia is an increase in the concentration of total protein in the blood plasma of more than 84 g / l. This condition can develop due to a wide range of reasons - from excessive sweating and pregnancy to various inflammatory diseases and malignant neoplasms. In itself, a high protein content has no clinical signs, with the exception of monoclonal gammopathy, in which hyperproteinemia is a key pathogenetic link in the hyperviscosity syndrome (GBS). The protein level is examined in plasma on an empty stomach. To correct this disorder, therapy of the underlying disease is necessary.
Tenesmus is a painful urge to defecate, which is usually ineffective, sometimes may be accompanied by the discharge of a small amount of feces, bloody or mucous discharge. Painful contractions of the rectal muscles most often indicate a pathology of the digestive tract or genitourinary system. In order to identify the causes of tenesmus, a physical examination, radiological methods, endoscopy, ultrasound, and laboratory tests are used. To reduce discomfort, antispasmodics, microclysters with medicinal and herbal remedies are used.
Flatulence is the accumulation of excess gases in the digestive tract due to their increased formation or insufficient discharge. Usually associated with dyspepsia, abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea. More often it develops with malnutrition and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, however, it can be observed with urogenital and acute abdominal pathology, failure of the abdominal cavity walls, functional disorders and endocrine diseases. To alleviate the condition of a patient with flatulence, in addition to correcting the diet, it is recommended to take carminatives, adsorbents, defoamers.
Diarrhea (diarrhea) - rapid, repeated loose stools. Diarrhea is usually accompanied by pain, rumbling in the abdomen, flatulence, tenesmus. Diarrhea is a symptom of many infectious diseases and inflammatory processes of the intestine, dysbacteriosis, and neurogenic disorders. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying disease plays an important role in the prevention of complications. The loss of a large amount of fluid during profuse diarrhea leads to a violation of the water-salt balance and can cause heart and kidney failure.